odp_bench_timer.c

Microbenchmark application for timer API functions

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 * Copyright (c) 2023-2024 Nokia
 */
 
#ifndef _GNU_SOURCE
#define _GNU_SOURCE /* Needed for sigaction */
#endif
 
#include <odp_api.h>
#include <odp/helper/odph_api.h>
 
#include <bench_common.h>
#include <export_results.h>
 
#include <getopt.h>
#include <inttypes.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
 
/* Number of API function calls per test case */
#define REPEAT_COUNT 1000
 
/* Default number of rounds per test case */
#define ROUNDS 1000u
 
#define UAREA_SIZE 8
 
#define TIMER_NSEC 50000000
 
#define TEST_MAX_BENCH 20
 
#define BENCH_INFO(run_fn, max, alt_name) \
    {.name = #run_fn, .run = run_fn, .max_rounds = max, .desc = alt_name}
 
typedef struct {
    /* Command line options */
    struct {
        /* Clock source to be used */
        int clk_src;
 
        /* Measure time vs CPU cycles */
        int time;
 
        /* Benchmark index to run indefinitely */
        int bench_idx;
 
        /* Rounds per test case */
        uint32_t rounds;
 
    } opt;
 
    /* Common benchmark suite data */
    bench_suite_t suite;
 
    odp_timer_pool_t timer_pool;
    odp_timer_t timer;
    odp_queue_t queue;
    odp_pool_t pool;
    odp_timeout_t timeout;
    odp_event_t event;
    uint64_t timer_nsec;
    uint64_t tick;
    uint64_t nsec;
    double tick_hz;
    int plain_queue;
 
    /* Test case input / output data */
    uint64_t      a1[REPEAT_COUNT];
    odp_event_t   ev[REPEAT_COUNT];
    odp_timeout_t tmo[REPEAT_COUNT];
    odp_timer_t   tim[REPEAT_COUNT];
 
    /* CPU mask as string */
    char cpumask_str[ODP_CPUMASK_STR_SIZE];
 
    /* Array for storing results */
    double result[TEST_MAX_BENCH];
 
} gbl_args_t;
 
static gbl_args_t *gbl_args;
 
static void sig_handler(int signo ODP_UNUSED)
{
    if (gbl_args == NULL)
        return;
    odp_atomic_store_u32(&gbl_args->suite.exit_worker, 1);
}
 
static int setup_sig_handler(void)
{
    struct sigaction action;
 
    memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
    action.sa_handler = sig_handler;
 
    /* No additional signals blocked. By default, the signal which triggered
     * the handler is blocked. */
    if (sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask))
        return -1;
 
    if (sigaction(SIGINT, &action, NULL))
        return -1;
 
    return 0;
}
 
static int timer_current_tick(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timer_pool_t timer_pool = gbl_args->timer_pool;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = odp_timer_current_tick(timer_pool);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timer_tick_to_ns(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timer_pool_t timer_pool = gbl_args->timer_pool;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
    uint64_t tick = gbl_args->tick;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = odp_timer_tick_to_ns(timer_pool, tick);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timer_ns_to_tick(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timer_pool_t timer_pool = gbl_args->timer_pool;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
    uint64_t nsec = gbl_args->nsec;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = odp_timer_ns_to_tick(timer_pool, nsec);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timeout_to_event(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_event_t *ev = gbl_args->ev;
    odp_timeout_t timeout = gbl_args->timeout;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        ev[i] = odp_timeout_to_event(timeout);
 
    gbl_args->suite.dummy += odp_event_to_u64(ev[0]);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timeout_from_event(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_event_t ev = gbl_args->event;
    odp_timeout_t *tmo = gbl_args->tmo;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        tmo[i] = odp_timeout_from_event(ev);
 
    gbl_args->suite.dummy += odp_timeout_to_u64(tmo[0]);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timeout_timer(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timeout_t timeout = gbl_args->timeout;
    odp_timer_t *tim = gbl_args->tim;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        tim[i] = odp_timeout_timer(timeout);
 
    gbl_args->suite.dummy += odp_timer_to_u64(tim[0]);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timeout_tick(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timeout_t timeout = gbl_args->timeout;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = odp_timeout_tick(timeout);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timeout_user_ptr(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timeout_t timeout = gbl_args->timeout;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = (uintptr_t)odp_timeout_user_ptr(timeout);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timeout_user_area(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timeout_t timeout = gbl_args->timeout;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = (uintptr_t)odp_timeout_user_area(timeout);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timeout_to_u64(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timeout_t timeout = gbl_args->timeout;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = odp_timeout_to_u64(timeout);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timer_to_u64(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timer_t timer = gbl_args->timer;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = odp_timer_to_u64(timer);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int timer_pool_to_u64(void)
{
    int i;
    odp_timer_pool_t tp = gbl_args->timer_pool;
    uint64_t *a1 = gbl_args->a1;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++)
        a1[i] = odp_timer_pool_to_u64(tp);
 
    return i;
}
 
static int bench_timer_export(void *data)
{
    gbl_args_t *gbl_args = data;
    int ret = 0;
 
    if (test_common_write("%s", gbl_args->opt.time ?
                  "Function name,Average nsec per function call\n" :
                  "Function name,Average CPU cycles per function call\n")) {
        ret = -1;
        goto exit;
    }
 
    for (int i = 0; i < gbl_args->suite.num_bench; i++) {
        if (test_common_write("odp_%s,%f\n",
                      gbl_args->suite.bench[i].name,
                      gbl_args->suite.result[i])) {
            ret = -1;
            goto exit;
        }
    }
 
exit:
    test_common_write_term();
 
    return ret;
}
 
bench_info_t test_suite[] = {
    BENCH_INFO(timer_current_tick, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timer_tick_to_ns, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timer_ns_to_tick, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timeout_to_event, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timeout_from_event, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timeout_timer, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timeout_tick, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timeout_user_ptr, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timeout_user_area, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timeout_to_u64, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timer_to_u64, 0, NULL),
    BENCH_INFO(timer_pool_to_u64, 0, NULL),
};
 
ODP_STATIC_ASSERT(ODPH_ARRAY_SIZE(test_suite) < TEST_MAX_BENCH,
          "Result array is too small to hold all the results");
 
/* Print usage information */
static void usage(void)
{
    printf("\n"
           "ODP timer API micro benchmarks\n"
           "\n"
           "Options:\n"
           "  -s, --clk_src           Clock source select (default 0):\n"
           "                            0: ODP_CLOCK_DEFAULT\n"
           "                            1: ODP_CLOCK_SRC_1, ...\n"
           "  -t, --time <opt>        Time measurement. 0: measure CPU cycles (default), 1: measure time\n"
           "  -i, --index <idx>       Benchmark index to run indefinitely.\n"
           "  -r, --rounds <num>      Run each test case 'num' times (default %u).\n"
           "  -h, --help              Display help and exit.\n\n"
           "\n", ROUNDS);
}
 
/* Parse command line arguments */
static int parse_args(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    int opt;
    int long_index;
    static const struct option longopts[] = {
        {"clk_src", required_argument, NULL, 's'},
        {"time", required_argument, NULL, 't'},
        {"index", required_argument, NULL, 'i'},
        {"rounds", required_argument, NULL, 'r'},
        {"help", no_argument, NULL, 'h'},
        {NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
    };
 
    static const char *shortopts =  "s:t:i:r:h";
 
    gbl_args->opt.clk_src = ODP_CLOCK_DEFAULT;
    gbl_args->opt.time = 0; /* Measure CPU cycles */
    gbl_args->opt.bench_idx = 0; /* Run all benchmarks */
    gbl_args->opt.rounds = ROUNDS;
 
    while (1) {
        opt = getopt_long(argc, argv, shortopts, longopts, &long_index);
 
        if (opt == -1)
            break;  /* No more options */
 
        switch (opt) {
        case 's':
            gbl_args->opt.clk_src = atoi(optarg);
            break;
        case 't':
            gbl_args->opt.time = atoi(optarg);
            break;
        case 'i':
            gbl_args->opt.bench_idx = atoi(optarg);
            break;
        case 'r':
            gbl_args->opt.rounds = atoi(optarg);
            break;
        case 'h':
            usage();
            return 1;
        default:
            ODPH_ERR("Bad option. Use -h for help.\n");
            return -1;
        }
    }
 
    if (gbl_args->opt.rounds < 1) {
        ODPH_ERR("Invalid test cycle repeat count: %u\n", gbl_args->opt.rounds);
        return -1;
    }
 
    if (gbl_args->opt.bench_idx < 0 ||
        gbl_args->opt.bench_idx > (int)ODPH_ARRAY_SIZE(test_suite)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Bad bench index %i\n", gbl_args->opt.bench_idx);
        return -1;
    }
 
    optind = 1; /* Reset 'extern optind' from the getopt lib */
 
    return 0;
}
 
/* Print system and application info */
static void print_info(void)
{
    odp_sys_info_print();
 
    printf("\n"
           "odp_bench_timer options\n"
           "-----------------------\n");
 
    printf("CPU mask:          %s\n", gbl_args->cpumask_str);
    printf("Clock source:      %i\n", gbl_args->opt.clk_src);
    printf("Measurement unit:  %s\n", gbl_args->opt.time ? "nsec" : "CPU cycles");
    printf("Test rounds:       %u\n", gbl_args->opt.rounds);
    printf("Timer duration:    %" PRIu64 " nsec\n", gbl_args->timer_nsec);
    printf("Timer tick freq:   %.2f Hz\n", gbl_args->tick_hz);
    printf("\n");
}
 
static int create_timer(void)
{
    odp_pool_capability_t pool_capa;
    odp_timer_capability_t timer_capa;
    odp_timer_clk_src_t clk_src;
    odp_timer_pool_param_t tp_param;
    odp_timer_pool_t tp;
    odp_pool_t pool;
    odp_pool_param_t pool_param;
    odp_timeout_t tmo;
    odp_queue_param_t queue_param;
    odp_queue_t queue;
    odp_timer_t timer;
    uint64_t t1, t2, diff, tick1, tick2;
 
    if (odp_pool_capability(&pool_capa)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Pool capa failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    clk_src = gbl_args->opt.clk_src;
    if (odp_timer_capability(clk_src, &timer_capa)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Timer capa failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    odp_timer_pool_param_init(&tp_param);
    tp_param.clk_src    = clk_src;
    tp_param.res_ns     = timer_capa.max_res.res_ns;
    tp_param.min_tmo    = timer_capa.max_res.min_tmo;
    tp_param.max_tmo    = timer_capa.max_res.max_tmo;
    tp_param.num_timers = 10;
 
    tp = odp_timer_pool_create("bench_timer", &tp_param);
 
    if (tp == ODP_TIMER_POOL_INVALID) {
        ODPH_ERR("Timer pool create failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    if (odp_timer_pool_start_multi(&tp, 1) != 1) {
        ODPH_ERR("Timer pool start failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    gbl_args->timer_pool = tp;
 
    gbl_args->timer_nsec = TIMER_NSEC;
    if (TIMER_NSEC < tp_param.min_tmo)
        gbl_args->timer_nsec = tp_param.min_tmo;
    else if (TIMER_NSEC > tp_param.max_tmo)
        gbl_args->timer_nsec = tp_param.max_tmo;
 
    odp_pool_param_init(&pool_param);
    pool_param.type           = ODP_POOL_TIMEOUT;
    pool_param.tmo.num        = 10;
    pool_param.tmo.uarea_size = UAREA_SIZE;
    if (UAREA_SIZE > pool_capa.tmo.max_uarea_size)
        pool_param.tmo.uarea_size = pool_capa.tmo.max_uarea_size;
 
    pool = odp_pool_create("bench_timer", &pool_param);
 
    if (pool == ODP_POOL_INVALID) {
        ODPH_ERR("Timeout pool create failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    gbl_args->pool = pool;
 
    tmo = odp_timeout_alloc(pool);
 
    if (tmo == ODP_TIMEOUT_INVALID) {
        ODPH_ERR("Timeout alloc failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    gbl_args->timeout = tmo;
    gbl_args->tick = odp_timer_current_tick(tp);
    gbl_args->nsec = odp_timer_tick_to_ns(tp, gbl_args->tick);
 
    /* Measure timer tick frequency for test information */
    t1 = odp_time_global_strict_ns();
    tick1 = odp_timer_current_tick(tp);
 
    odp_time_wait_ns(200 * ODP_TIME_MSEC_IN_NS);
 
    tick2 = odp_timer_current_tick(tp);
    t2 = odp_time_global_strict_ns();
    diff = t2 - t1;
 
    if (diff)
        gbl_args->tick_hz = (tick2 - tick1) / ((double)diff / ODP_TIME_SEC_IN_NS);
 
    odp_queue_param_init(&queue_param);
    queue_param.type        = ODP_QUEUE_TYPE_SCHED;
    queue_param.sched.prio  = odp_schedule_default_prio();
    queue_param.sched.sync  = ODP_SCHED_SYNC_ATOMIC;
    queue_param.sched.group = ODP_SCHED_GROUP_ALL;
 
    if (timer_capa.queue_type_sched == 0) {
        queue_param.type = ODP_QUEUE_TYPE_PLAIN;
        gbl_args->plain_queue = 1;
    }
 
    queue = odp_queue_create("bench_timer", &queue_param);
    if (queue == ODP_QUEUE_INVALID) {
        ODPH_ERR("Queue create failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    gbl_args->queue = queue;
 
    timer = odp_timer_alloc(tp, queue, (void *)(uintptr_t)0xdeadbeef);
    if (timer == ODP_TIMER_INVALID) {
        ODPH_ERR("Timer alloc failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    gbl_args->timer = timer;
 
    return 0;
}
 
static int wait_timer(void)
{
    odp_timer_start_t start_param;
    odp_timer_t timer = gbl_args->timer;
    odp_timer_pool_t tp = gbl_args->timer_pool;
    uint64_t wait_nsec = 2 * gbl_args->timer_nsec;
    uint64_t sched_wait = odp_schedule_wait_time(wait_nsec);
    odp_event_t ev;
    uint64_t start;
 
    start_param.tick_type = ODP_TIMER_TICK_REL;
    start_param.tick      = odp_timer_ns_to_tick(tp, gbl_args->timer_nsec);
    start_param.tmo_ev    = odp_timeout_to_event(gbl_args->timeout);
 
    if (odp_timer_start(timer, &start_param) != ODP_TIMER_SUCCESS) {
        ODPH_ERR("Timer start failed\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    gbl_args->timeout = ODP_TIMEOUT_INVALID;
    gbl_args->event = ODP_EVENT_INVALID;
 
    /* Wait for timeout */
    if (gbl_args->plain_queue) {
        start = odp_time_global_ns();
        while (1) {
            ev = odp_queue_deq(gbl_args->queue);
 
            if (ev != ODP_EVENT_INVALID)
                break;
 
            if ((odp_time_global_ns() - start) > wait_nsec) {
                ODPH_ERR("Timeout event missing\n");
                return -1;
            }
        }
 
        gbl_args->event = ev;
    } else {
        ev = odp_schedule(NULL, sched_wait);
 
        if (ev == ODP_EVENT_INVALID) {
            ODPH_ERR("Timeout event missing\n");
            return -1;
        }
 
        gbl_args->event = ev;
 
        /* Free schedule context */
        if (odp_schedule(NULL, ODP_SCHED_NO_WAIT) != ODP_EVENT_INVALID) {
            ODPH_ERR("Extra timeout event\n");
            return -1;
        }
    }
 
    if (odp_event_type(gbl_args->event) != ODP_EVENT_TIMEOUT) {
        ODPH_ERR("Bad event type\n");
        return -1;
    }
 
    gbl_args->timeout = odp_timeout_from_event(gbl_args->event);
 
    return 0;
}
 
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    odph_helper_options_t helper_options;
    test_common_options_t common_options;
    odph_thread_t worker_thread;
    odph_thread_common_param_t thr_common;
    odph_thread_param_t thr_param;
    int cpu, i;
    odp_shm_t shm;
    odp_cpumask_t cpumask, default_mask;
    odp_instance_t instance;
    odp_init_t init_param;
    int ret = 0;
 
    /* Let helper collect its own arguments (e.g. --odph_proc) */
    argc = odph_parse_options(argc, argv);
    if (odph_options(&helper_options)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Reading ODP helper options failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    argc = test_common_parse_options(argc, argv);
    if (test_common_options(&common_options)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Error: reading test helper options failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    odp_init_param_init(&init_param);
    init_param.mem_model = helper_options.mem_model;
 
    /* Init ODP before calling anything else */
    if (odp_init_global(&instance, &init_param, NULL)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Global init failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    /* Init this thread */
    if (odp_init_local(instance, ODP_THREAD_CONTROL)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Local init failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    if (setup_sig_handler()) {
        ODPH_ERR("Signal handler setup failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    odp_schedule_config(NULL);
 
    /* Reserve memory for args from shared mem */
    shm = odp_shm_reserve("shm_args", sizeof(gbl_args_t), ODP_CACHE_LINE_SIZE, 0);
    if (shm == ODP_SHM_INVALID) {
        ODPH_ERR("Shared mem reserve failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    gbl_args = odp_shm_addr(shm);
    if (gbl_args == NULL) {
        ODPH_ERR("Shared mem alloc failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    memset(gbl_args, 0, sizeof(gbl_args_t));
    gbl_args->timer_pool = ODP_TIMER_POOL_INVALID;
    gbl_args->timer = ODP_TIMER_INVALID;
    gbl_args->queue = ODP_QUEUE_INVALID;
    gbl_args->pool = ODP_POOL_INVALID;
    gbl_args->timeout = ODP_TIMEOUT_INVALID;
 
    for (i = 0; i < REPEAT_COUNT; i++) {
        gbl_args->a1[i] = i;
        gbl_args->ev[i] = ODP_EVENT_INVALID;
        gbl_args->tmo[i] = ODP_TIMEOUT_INVALID;
        gbl_args->tim[i] = ODP_TIMER_INVALID;
    }
 
    /* Parse and store the application arguments */
    ret = parse_args(argc, argv);
    if (ret)
        goto exit;
 
    bench_suite_init(&gbl_args->suite);
    gbl_args->suite.bench = test_suite;
    gbl_args->suite.num_bench = ODPH_ARRAY_SIZE(test_suite);
    gbl_args->suite.measure_time = !!gbl_args->opt.time;
    gbl_args->suite.indef_idx = gbl_args->opt.bench_idx;
    gbl_args->suite.rounds = gbl_args->opt.rounds;
    gbl_args->suite.repeat_count = REPEAT_COUNT;
    if (common_options.is_export)
        gbl_args->suite.result = gbl_args->result;
 
    /* Get default worker cpumask */
    if (odp_cpumask_default_worker(&default_mask, 1) != 1) {
        ODPH_ERR("Unable to allocate worker thread\n");
        ret = -1;
        goto exit;
    }
 
    (void)odp_cpumask_to_str(&default_mask, gbl_args->cpumask_str,
                 sizeof(gbl_args->cpumask_str));
 
    /* Create timer and other resources */
    ret = create_timer();
    if (ret)
        goto exit;
 
    print_info();
 
    /* Start one timer and wait for the timeout event. Timer expiration fills in
     * timeout event metadata. */
    ret = wait_timer();
    if (ret)
        goto exit;
 
    memset(&worker_thread, 0, sizeof(odph_thread_t));
 
    /* Create worker thread */
    cpu = odp_cpumask_first(&default_mask);
 
    odp_cpumask_zero(&cpumask);
    odp_cpumask_set(&cpumask, cpu);
 
    odph_thread_common_param_init(&thr_common);
    thr_common.instance = instance;
    thr_common.cpumask = &cpumask;
    thr_common.share_param = 1;
 
    odph_thread_param_init(&thr_param);
    thr_param.start = bench_run;
    thr_param.arg = &gbl_args->suite;
    thr_param.thr_type = ODP_THREAD_WORKER;
 
    odph_thread_create(&worker_thread, &thr_common, &thr_param, 1);
 
    odph_thread_join(&worker_thread, 1);
 
    ret = gbl_args->suite.retval;
 
    if (ret == 0 && common_options.is_export) {
        if (bench_timer_export(gbl_args)) {
            ODPH_ERR("Error: Export failed\n");
            ret = -1;
        }
    }
 
exit:
    if (gbl_args->timeout != ODP_TIMEOUT_INVALID)
        odp_timeout_free(gbl_args->timeout);
 
    if (gbl_args->pool != ODP_POOL_INVALID)
        odp_pool_destroy(gbl_args->pool);
 
    if (gbl_args->timer != ODP_TIMER_INVALID) {
        if (odp_timer_free(gbl_args->timer)) {
            ODPH_ERR("Timer free failed\n");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }
 
    if (gbl_args->timer_pool != ODP_TIMER_POOL_INVALID)
        odp_timer_pool_destroy(gbl_args->timer_pool);
 
    if (gbl_args->queue != ODP_QUEUE_INVALID) {
        if (odp_queue_destroy(gbl_args->queue)) {
            ODPH_ERR("Queue destroy failed\n");
            exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
        }
    }
 
    if (odp_shm_free(shm)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Shared mem free failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    if (odp_term_local()) {
        ODPH_ERR("Local term failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    if (odp_term_global(instance)) {
        ODPH_ERR("Global term failed\n");
        exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
    }
 
    if (ret < 0)
        return EXIT_FAILURE;
 
    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}